MALAYSIAN JOURNAL OF INNOVATION IN ENGINEERING AND APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES (MYJIEAS)

TABLE OF CONTENT VOL 4 NO 1 (2024)

2024-12-03T04:24:47+00:00

Table Of Content Vol IV Issue 1 2024

THE DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING FOR FIBER OPTIC CABLE FAULT DETACTOR IN COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

2024-07-15T03:47:07+00:00

Optical fiber technologies are crucial for delivering genuine broadband connectivity. Ensuring continuous service by monitoring and identifying fiber failures is essential, as any disruption can cause significant financial losses for telecom carriers. This innovation addresses the problem of service interruptions caused by fiber optic cable failures by developing an intelligent fault detection system. The primary objective is to create a system that accurately pinpoints the location of faults in optical fiber cables, thus saving money, manpower, and time. Utilizing ESP 32 and an IR Brightness Sensor, the system monitors the received light source to detect faults and integrates with the Blynk Application for real-time data analysis and remote monitoring. This approach allows repairmen to target only the faulty sections of the cable, reducing the need for extensive excavation. The benefits include reduced repair time, lower costs, and minimized manpower requirements. By enabling precise fault location and remote monitoring, the system enhances operational efficiency and ensures continuous service delivery. This innovation represents a significant advancement in maintaining the reliability and efficiency of broadband services.

Keywords : Fiber Optic, ESP 32, IR Brightness Sensor, Cable Fault Detection and Blynk Application

DEVELOPMENT OF IOT-BASED WATER SURFACE WASTE COLLECTING ROBOT

2024-07-15T02:38:43+00:00

The rapid urbanization and population growth have resulted in a surge in solid waste production, presenting a critical threat to both the environment and public health. The haphazard disposal of solid waste into rivers has led to increased pollution, disrupted ecosystems, and posed health hazards for communities residing near these water bodies. Traditional river cleanup methods are often intricate, time-consuming, and expensive, struggling to keep pace with the scale of pollution. In response to these challenges, an Internet of Things (IoT)-based Water Surface Waste Collecting Robot was proposed and developed in this research. The primary aim of this project is to design and develop an efficient water surface cleaning robot that can navigate water bodies autonomously. The robot is designed with a robust chassis and motorized wheels for mobility, and trash collection mechanisms with two motors. An IoT platform is integrated for remote monitoring and control of the robot. The developed Water Surface Waste Collecting Robot successfully navigates rivers and collects solid waste, offering real-time monitoring and control through the IoT platform, enhancing efficiency and reducing the need for human intervention. The project's implementation demonstrated the feasibility of utilizing IoT technology and robotics to address river pollution. The robot's autonomous operation and remote control capabilities reduce human exposure to hazardous cleaning environments. The IoT-based river cleaning robot presents a promising solution to the persistent problem of water pollution caused by improper waste disposal. Its efficient operation and remote monitoring capabilities make it a viable tool for environmental conservation and public health. To further improve the system, future work should focus on enhancing the robot's waste collection efficiency, optimizing power consumption, and implementing machine learning algorithms for advanced obstacle avoidance.

INNOVATIVE BELT SANDER DESIGN FOR EFFICIENCY AND QUALITY

2024-08-19T06:46:21+00:00

This project aims to improve the performance and safety of belt sanders used in the wood processing industry. Existing belt sanders have several major drawbacks such as high noise output, lack of effective dust extraction systems, and disruptive vibrations. To address these issues, this project proposes enhancements including the addition of a vacuum system for dust extraction, noise reduction, and vibration minimization. Additionally, additional safety features on the cutting blades are introduced to protect users during the cutting process.

A comprehensive literature review was conducted to understand dust extraction technology, noise and vibration reduction techniques, and safety aspects of wood cutting machines. The project methodology involves designing a new machine, testing noise and vibration levels, data analysis, and user safety evaluation. Comparative data between the old and improved machines will be analyzed to assess the effectiveness of the enhancements made.

The improvements are expected to increase user comfort and safety, creating a cleaner and quieter working environment. The findings of this project are anticipated to make a significant contribution to the wood processing industry and worker safety. With an effective dust extraction system, lower noise levels, and minimized vibrations, the improved belt sander machine can deliver better performance and ensure user safety.

FULLY CONTROLLABLE LAMP POST POWERED BY SOLAR ENERGY

2024-10-07T04:08:19+00:00

– The Fully Controllable Lamp Post Powered by Solar Energy project represents a significant advancement in outdoor lighting technology by integrating sustainable energy practices with intelligent control systems. This project aims to develop a smart, energy-efficient lighting system that dynamically adapts to environmental conditions using light-dependent resistors (LDRs) and raindrop sensors, responding effectively to weather changes. The system ensures reliable operation and user-friendly remote control through real-time monitoring capabilities and integration with the Blynk IoT platform. It addresses critical issues of road safety, particularly at night, by providing consistent illumination and reducing energy consumption and maintenance costs. The project's methodology involves using high-efficiency LED lamps, solar panels, and advanced sensors to optimize performance. Results show substantial improvements in energy efficiency and reliability, highlighting the system's potential as a scalable solution for modern urban and rural lighting needs, contributing to broader sustainability and energy efficiency goals. This innovative approach not only enhances road safety by addressing poorly lit hazardous conditions but also ensures cost-effective and sustainable public lighting management.

SPRINGBACK CONTROL IN SHEET METAL FORMING: A VIRTUAL MANUFACTURING APPROACH

2024-09-23T02:05:16+00:00

This paper is written to investigate the effect of springback in a material by utilizing virtual manufacturing mould design which is then verified experimentally. All of the detail parameterse important in order to concern springback in sheet metal forming. The right- hand rear arm is designed by using the CATIA V5R21 software and VISI 2018 R1 to create the upper die and lower die. The upper die and lower die are used for conducting a metal forming process which is stamping simulation by using the Simufact.Forming 12 software. The mould is then tested to create the rear arm parts with the aid of Simufact.Forming 12. The comparison of data obtained between the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and the experimental is taken to prove the accuracy in sheet metal forming and provides a method to control and compensate the springback effect in the material.

INVESTIGATING DISTORTION IN AUTOMOTIVE REAR ARMS: A FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH

2024-09-05T07:32:48+00:00

This project investigates the distortion of automotive parts subjected to a continuous virtual simulation process, from stamping to welding. The objective is to determine the optimal parameters for both the stamping and welding stages. In this sequential process, the properties derived from the stamping simulation are utilized in the welding simulation. The analysis was conducted using finite element software, Simufact.Forming 13.0 and Simufact.Welding 5.0, which are highly effective tools for simulating stamping and welding, offering fast and reliable results. To validate the simulation outcomes, an experimental study using an automated welding process was also performed. The automotive rear arm was selected as a case study, using materials SPH440 and STKM13A, which belong to the general steel category. This paper examines the distortion error percentage between the simulation and the actual welding process of the rear arm. The findings demonstrate that Virtual Manufacturing with Simufact.Welding 5.0 provides a solid understanding, as confirmed by experimental verification.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMBEDDED ROBOTIC TRAINING KIT USING RASPBERRY PI FOR BEGINNERS IN STEM EDUCATION WITHIN TVET FRAMEWORK

2024-10-22T08:04:36+00:00

In the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0), the demand for practical and industry-relevant STEM education has grown significantly. This project addressed this need by developing an embedded robotic training kit using Raspberry Pi, which offers an accessible and practical tool for beginners in STEM education and is designed within the framework of technical and vocational education and training (TVET). This kit integrates essential components such as LEDs, buzzers, ultrasonic sensors, and Pi cameras, offering hands-on learning experiences in robotics and embedded systems. Powered by the versatile Raspberry Pi, the kit utilizes Python programming and the Thonny IDE to simplify coding for beginners while encouraging project-based learning to foster creativity and innovation. The project integrates theoretical knowledge with practical application, fostering critical problem-solving skills and preparing students for modern technological demands. By aligning with TVET objectives, the training kit enhances employability by developing essential, industry-relevant competencies.

UTILISATION OF PLASTIC WASTE TO PRODUCE ECO-FRIENDLY FOUNDATION MATERIAL FOR HOUSEHOLD ORGANIZER

2024-11-18T08:55:24+00:00

Plastics are a form of synthetic organic polymers and are one of the most often used materials because they are durable, lightweight, flexible and relatively affordable to manufacture. With the global transition from reusable to single-use containers, the demand for packaging materials has surged. Thus, this have led to high contribution of plastic waste in the world. Thus, this project focused on utilizing plastic waste specifically High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Polypropylene (PP) to produce eco-friendly foundation material for household organizer by using green approach. The second objective is to find the optimum mixing ratio of PP and HDPE to produce the foundation material. The product is then tested for its' mechanical property specifically tensile strength prior to constructing the final product which is organizer. PP and HDPE are obtained by collecting waste detergent bottles, supplement bottles and drinking waste bottle caps. Both materials are washed, dried and cut into small pieces before undergo heat treatment using hot press. Melted plastics are then molded into specific shape for mechanical testing. Tensile test and Young Modulus results of 7.63 MPa and 13.996 MPa respectively, indicate that a mixing ratio of 2PP: 8HDPE is sufficient to be used for constructing household organizer foundation material.

ANALYZE STRUCTURAL MODEL OF MINING RISK EDUCATION FOR AGRO-TOURISM

2024-10-24T08:54:44+00:00

Amidst ecological crisis challenges on our planet, the interplay between education and environmental sustainability intensifies especially in the context of mining activity. In 2001, an international workshop by Save the Children in Sweden centered on developing resources and educational media for mining awareness initiatives. The workshop highlighted the potential of post-mining reclamation in Indonesia to support biodiversity and transform mining education into agro-eco-tourism. This research aims to develop a structural model for mining risk education using literature review methods and Interpretative Structural Modeling. The study identified key objectives: (1) leveraging cultural anthropology to drive social change and sustainable development in urban settings, (2) enhancing environmental awareness through education, and (3) establishing Environmental and Sustainability Education with a Driver Power (DP) of [8] and Dependence (D) of [3]. The main changes include (1) generating risk mitigation ideas and motivating others to adopt similar approaches, (2) advancing intelligent mining practices, and (3) promoting safe behaviors with DP [6] and D [3]. Essential indicators include emphasizing agro-eco-tourism education and habitats for endemic species with DP [5] and D [2]. A significant challenge identified is the need for more awareness and understanding of the importance of transitioning from mining to agro-eco-tourism with DP [5] and D [1]. The proposed action plan includes interactive learning to promote agro-eco-tourism, fostering critical and creative thinking skills, and encouraging tolerance for diverse perspectives and cultures with DP [10] and D [2]. The overall consistency of the components ranges from 98.40% to 100.00%.

THE SMART ASSISTIVE CANE FOR THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED

2023-12-27T03:47:24+00:00

Daily mobility of individuals with visual impairments present unique challenges. Glaucoma
is the most commonly acquired optic neuropathy. It represents a public health challenge because it
causes an irreversible blindness. Blind Canes are an essential mobility aid or device which assist people
with all levels of visual impairment. Blind people use canes for navigating through places around them
through the sounds and echoes they listen to. The support cane is used for support and for physical
stability and the probing cane is used to locates obstacles in their path of travel. However, the existing
white cane do not provide immersive feedback about the environment surrounding the blind. The problem
with the existing models is that it can detect low objects, but it fails to detect objects above the knee
height, Hence, The Smart Assistive Cane for Visual Impaired Individuals," is a novel solution that
integrates cutting-edge technology to enhance the independence and safety of visually impaired
individuals

INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF EXHAUST FAN WITH SMART GAS DETECTOR SYSTEM POWERED BY ARDUINO UNO FOR WELDING WORKSHOP SAFETY ENHANCEMENT

2024-08-19T06:41:59+00:00

In welding workshops, gas leaks pose serious safety risks, including potential fires and explosions. This research introduces a novel Exhaust Fan with Smart Gas Detector System designed to enhance safety through Arduino Uno technology. The study focuses on developing an automated, reliable system for detecting hazardous gas leaks, activating an exhaust fan for gas removal, and providing user notifications both on-site and remotely. The system integrates an MQ5 gas sensor for detecting dangerous gases, an Arduino Uno microcontroller for data processing and system control, and a motorized exhaust fan for effective gas extraction. The effectiveness of the system was tested under controlled conditions, demonstrating its ability to detect gas leaks in real time, activate the exhaust fan, and alert users. This development represents a significant advancement over traditional gas detection methods by combining real-time detection, automated response, and remote notifications. This innovative approach offers a scalable, cost-effective solution for improving safety in welding workshops and sets the stage for future advancements in industrial safety technologies

TOWARDS COLLABORATIVE KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT BEST PRACTICE (cKMBP) MODEL FOR HIGHER LEARNING INSTITUTION (HLI)

2023-02-02T08:08:37+00:00

Abstract – Recently, Knowledge Management (KM) has been receiving significant excitement and attention in the knowledge society. KM and Higher Learning Institution (HLI) are two terms that synchrony, due to the nature of HLI as the center of Knowledge Process. However, the previous research works on KM Best Practice (BP) model evidence the KM model works alone as silo and not clearly verified to be recognize as KM BP especially in HLI Malaysia. The research commence with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) that summarized the proposed cKMBP components. Followed by the Benchmarking Process of FIVE existing KM Model to suit the HLI Malaysia environment. The Pilot Survey Questionnaires leads to verification of cKMBP Model. The Model Testing by the KM Expert process will validate the effectiveness of cKMBP. This research will support the Knowledge Sharing and Collaboration among the Community of Practice (CoP) which will create the Knowledge Networks and can be considered to be part of the third generation KM initiatives to identify the Best Practice for KM.

DEEP LEARNING-BASED SPEECH RECOGNITION OF MALAY DIALECT INSTRUCTIONS USING EDGE IMPULSE

2024-11-19T08:59:54+00:00

ABSTRACT – The increasing demand for voice-controlled systems in Malaysia for assistive technology, smart home appliances, and navigation purposes is typically served with an English-only solution. This reduces the accessibility of such technologies within a non-native English-speaking community. Given Malaysia's rich linguistic diversity, this study focuses on dialect speech recognition, specifically targeting various Malay dialects. This research uses the Edge Impulse platform to present a deep learning-based methodology for recognising speech in Malay dialects. The presented system collects and preprocesses audio data using a smartphone, while the deep learning algorithms perform efficient training and classification. Our model showed that robust and dialect-inclusive Malay voice recognition is possible, with an accuracy of around 80% for the four classes of instructions tested in four different dialects of Kelantan, Terengganu, Kedah and Standard Malay. This study therefore provides more foundation towards accessibility and usability of creating more inclusive speech recognition systems which can be tuned to regional linguistic variabilities.

ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL RISK RELATED STRESS AT WORK AMONG WORKERS IN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY

2024-11-12T07:00:32+00:00

ABSTRACT - Psychosocial hazards have a significant influence on health and safety outcomes within
the oil and gas industry. Occupational stress decreases safety behaviour, while mental health and
fatigue are risk factors. Preventing occupational stress is critical for the health of employees. This study
aims to determine the risk assessment level of occupational stress among oil and gas workers. The
stratified random sampling method is a semi-quantitative method that implements data collection
through a socio-demographic questionnaire and risk assessment matrices, including likelihood times
severity (LXS) and following two phases Initial Risk (IR) and Residual Risk (RR). The overall prevalence
of population was 41% consisting of social support, task, exposure, and recognition risk factors that
influence occupational stress levels. Most workers are Malay, which represents 98.6% of the study
population. The workforce is predominately married, with 97.3% of men. The overall rating of
occupational stress risk rating in the evaluated area was moderate.

PRODUCTION OF ECO FAPERBRICK FROM USED FABRIC AND PAPER WASTES

2024-11-18T08:39:50+00:00

Fabric and paper waste pose significant environmental challenges, with textile and clothing discards adding to landfill problems and paper waste poses deforestation concerns. Repurposing these materials offers a sustainable solution, reducing their environmental footprint. This project focuses on transforming fabric and paper waste into eco-friendly bricks, addressing production processes and assessing mechanical strength and moisture content. The methodology involves combining fabric and paper waste using a homemade starch-based glue as a binding agent. The molding process employs simple equipment and compression techniques, followed by the removal of excess glue and thorough drying. Tensile strength and water absorption tests are conducted on samples with varying fabric to paper waste ratios of 80:20, 85:15, 90:10, and 95:5. Comparisons reveal the 80:20 ratio of fabric to paper as optimal ratio with 2.67MPa, showing promising structural integrity suitable for indoor construction. By repurposing these waste materials into eco-friendly bricks, the project not only tackles waste-related environmental issues but also contributes to sustainable construction materials. It demonstrates a practical approach to waste management while promoting eco-consciousness and viable construction solutions.

AN EFFECTIVENESS STUDY OF A SMART INSTITUTIONAL PARCEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IMPLEMENTED AT POLITEKNIK MUKAH

2024-09-06T06:19:36+00:00

The institutional parcel management system is becoming increasingly vital for managing all staff packages received by operators at the front desk counter. Institutional parcel management has evolved significantly from a paper-based system to one that is digital and Internet of Things (IoT) enabled, with supported electronic applications. Previous research has resulted in the development of various solutions; however, all of these improvements have been designed for web-based parcel management systems. Available for free on smartphones, but does not support PC and smartphone applications. These systems do not fully utilise the barcode scanner which available in the smartphone for free and not support for both PC and smartphone applications. Therefore, a Smart Institutional Parcel Management System with QR Code Scanner Application has been proposed and developed to significantly support the management of parcel processes. This invention is simply utilised for barcode scanning on smartphones in both Android and iOS applications, and it is also compatible with PC view for front desk managers at institutions. This system is built by combining AppSheet, Spreadsheet, and Google Form technologies to create a simple and low-cost management solution. This method could be simply integrated with a smartphone and used with a phone scanner to easily enter the package tracking number and automatically send the message to receivers. This system has been implemented with 9500 proven of good tracking records and still implemented continuously.

OPTIMIZING ENVIRONMENTAL AND PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTIC OF CANDLE FROM WASTE COOKING OIL

2024-11-18T08:38:06+00:00

ABSTRACT – Waste cooking oil (WCO) poses a significant environmental hazard due to its improper disposal practices. Disposal of WCO directly into kitchen sinks results in its congealing within pipes, leading to obstruction and accumulation in drainage systems. Utilizing WCO for candle production offers a feasible solution due to its simplicity and flexibility in the manufacturing process. This study aims to produce candles from WCO and soy wax. Candles were manufactured using different ratios of WCO to soy wax (9:1, 8:2, and 7:3). Melting point determination, light emission analysis, lifespan assessment, and measurement of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and PM2.5 in their soot were performed. Based on the characterization tests done, candle with a 9:1 WCO to soy wax ratio achieved optimal characteristics, including higher melting points, brighter light emission and longer lifespans. Additionally, when compared to the other ratios, candle 9:1 shows the highest average VOC and the lowest PM2.5 emission. Despite the high VOC value found, it is still remains below the permissible limit, indicating that the candle is safe to the environmental and health. Finally, this paper's findings highlight the significance of taking into account a variety of environmental factors when assessing the sustainability of candle produced from WCO.

DEVELOPMENT OF AVIATION FRIENDLY DUSTBIN

2024-11-18T08:29:53+00:00

This study underscores the critical importance of proper waste disposal, particularly through dustbin utilization, to mitigate Foreign Object Debris (FOD) risks in aviation. FOD poses significant threats to personnel and equipment safety, especially aircraft engines vulnerable to ingesting debris from maintenance and operational areas, potentially causing severe damage. The primary source of FOD originates from improperly managed waste in maintenance lines, including sharp objects and toxic substances, heightening risk within these critical zones. This research aims to advocate for effective waste disposal procedures to prevent FOD incidents, emphasizing meticulous dustbin usage as a primary method. The study employs a comprehensive review of literature and industry practices, alongside case studies, to analyze the impact of FOD on aviation safety. Key findings highlight the direct correlation between proper waste management and reduced FOD incidents, promoting safer and more efficient aircraft operations. Ultimately, implementing robust waste management strategies, including proactive dustbin use, is essential to mitigate FOD risks, ensuring enhanced safety and operational efficiency while protecting personnel and equipment in the aviation industry.

ANALYSIS OF PT MEST INDONESIY'S MARKETING STRATEGY IN ORDER TO INCREASE TRUST AND FERTILIZER SALES

2024-11-18T08:27:08+00:00

ABSTRACT – Each The objectives of this research are 1) to describe and analyze PT's marketing strategy. Mest Indonesiy in order to increase trust and fertilizer sales. 2) To describe and analyze the obstacles to PT's marketing strategy. Mest Indonesiy in order to increase trust and fertilizer sales. 3) To describe and analyze solutions to PT's marketing strategy obstacles. Mest Indonesiy in order to increase trust and fertilizer sales. This type of research is a qualitative approach using descriptive methods. The population in this study were 5 informants at PT. Mest Indonesiy. The sampling technique uses a purposive technique, the samples are the Managing Director, Marketing Director, Marketing Manager and two consumers. Data collection techniques use Focus Group Discussion, Interview, Observation, Documentation Method. The data analysis technique used is SWOT analysis. The results of this research show that 1) PT. Fertilizer marketing strategy. Mest Indonesiy emphasizes the superior quality of its products, encouraging continuous research and development. Product prices are considered taking into account market analysis and competitive factors to provide appropriate value to customers. Collaboration with agricultural institutions, universities and research institutions can increase customer confidence through workshops and seminars. The packaging design reflects the quality and value of the product. 2) PT. Mest Indonesiy faces obstacles in increasing trust and sales of fertilizer, including difficult access to the product, limited stock, and a lack of information about use and dosage. Consumers have difficulty finding products in local farm stores, often have competition, and experience inconvenience in the purchasing process. 3) Solutions to overcome obstacles involve increasing fertilizer formulation innovation, closer collaboration for distribution, and adjusting promotional strategies. Supply chain transparency, optimizing online shipping, and diversifying warehouse locations are important strategies to overcome logistics constraints. Efficient financial management, focus on local markets or diversification, and competitive pricing are solutions to face external challenges. Implementation of this strategy is expected to strengthen PT's position. Mest Indonesiy in the market, build customer trust, and increase sales of fertilizer products.

AN INVENTION OF A SMART BLIND STICK USING IOT

2024-11-18T08:22:53+00:00

This paper describes an Internet of Things-based blind stick development that attempts to overcome the limitations of traditional blind sticks. The main aim is to improve security and help for people who have vision impairments. By utilizing cutting-edge technologies like Arduino, ultrasonic sensors, moisture sensors, buzzers, and rechargeable batteries, this invention tackles the problems faced by the visualized community. A proactive and dynamic navigating approach is provided by the inventive design, which combines electrical and sensor components. By giving users instant feedback on their surroundings, the obstacle detection feature encourages them to explore their surroundings in a safer and more self-assured manner. The soil moisture sensor will give the user a distinctive signal when it comes into contact with water that can be differentiated from the signal generated by an obstruction. For visually impaired people who want more mobility and independence, the blind stick with IoT (infrared or ultrasonic sensors) is a highly recommended tool. By giving users instant feedback on their surroundings, the obstacle and moisture detection functions encourage safer and more self-assured exploration of their surroundings.

THE ADVANCING SAFETY AND COMFORT WRIST GUARD USING GEL PAD AND NYLON

2023-12-27T03:59:58+00:00

Wrist fractures, often resulting from falls or high-impact activities, pose a significant health
concern. Wrist guards, designed to reduce the risk of fractures, have become an important protective tool.
This study examines the influence of materials on the effectiveness and performance of wrist guards in
fractures including Gel pads, Neoprene and Nylon materials. Additionally, the ergonomic aspects of material
selection to ensure wearer comfort and compliance, important factors for the practical use of wrist protectors.
This design aims to provide a brief overview of the current state of knowledge regarding wrist protective
materials and their role in fractures also improving the effectiveness of wrist protectors, thereby increasing
their utility across a variety of contexts, including occupational safety, and daily activities.

KEYWORDS: Wrist Guard, Gel Pad, Nylon, Neoprene.

THE IMPACT OF BUILDING LAYOUT ON THE THERMAL ENVIRONMENT AT THE UNIVERSITY_ A CASE STUDY IN UITM PULAU PINANG CAMPUS

2024-11-12T08:53:07+00:00

ABSTRACT - The university's thermal environment affects the life of occupants in terms of their
physical and mental health. Thermal environments are important factors in designing buildings in the
university. The study was conducted in Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Pulau Pinang,
Permatang Pauh Campus buildings in a tropical region with a hot and humid climate. The purpose of
this study is to analyze the influence of building layout on the surrounding thermal environment. The
thermal environment parameters for every layout were investigated through field measurement. The
results showed that the best building layout from the three selected building layout samples is the
building layout at location C. Our findings reveal that building orientation at location C can lead to a 10%
reduction in temperature fluctuations and increase air velocity by 70% and 5% increase in relative
humidity. The building layout at location C has the best wind dispersion layout compared to the other
building layout because it has a lot of open areas around the building. Building layout C also has the
best heat dissipation because the layout of the building was not stacked with other buildings. Building
layout C was in a location with good humidity that matches the human thermal comfort even in the
climate of monsoon season in Malaysia during the end of the year December to January.

THERMAL ANALYSIS OF HEAT TRANSFER THROUGH FINS OF A FOUR STROKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE USING DIFFERENT RESEARCH OCTANE NUMBER (RON) GASOLINE FUELS

2024-11-12T09:20:17+00:00

ABSTRACT - The heat transfer processes in an internal combustion engine can be modelled with a variety of methods.
These methods range from simple thermal networks to multi-dimensional differential equation modelling. For thermal analysis
of the engine cylinder fins, it is more beneficial to know the heat dissipation inside the cylinder. Fins are placed on the surface
of the cylinder to enhance the amount of heat transfer by convection. The goal of this research is fo analyse and compare the
heat dissipation through rectangular fins of a four-stroke internal combustion (IC) engine of using different Research Octane
Number (RON) gasoline fuels; RON 95, RON 97, and RON 100. An experiment has been conducted on a single-cylinder
four-stroke IC engine in a Thermodynamics laboratory and the temperature on the cylinder fins surface are measured by using
an infrared thermometer. The fins are designed by SOLIDWORKS and the thermal analysis is carried out by ANSYS. The
thermal analysis data indicates that there is @ corresponding rise in temperature for RON 100, indicate superior resistance to
knocking in comparing to RON 95 and RON 97. RON 100 consistently exhibited the highest temperatures on the fins, implying
potential variations in heat dissipation and combustion efficiency.

THE INFLUENCE OF CUTTING SPEEDS ON TURNING AISI 1018 STEEL USING CEMENTED CARBIDE INSERT

2024-11-12T09:14:06+00:00

ABSTRACT - This research investigates the influence of cutting speed and feed rate on the wear
performance of cemented carbide inserts during tuning operations on AISI 1018 steel. Understanding
the interplay between cutting speed, tool wear, and surface roughness is crucial for optimizing
machining processes, ensuring tool longevity, and achieving desired surface quality. The study
employed three distinct cutting speeds (660, 870, and 1400 rpm) and two different feed rates (0.23 and
0.34 mm/rev) while maintaining a fixed depth of cut (1 mm). The width of the flank wear on the inserts,
was measured using a digital microscope and Image J analysis software after each single machining
run until it reached 20 reading. Surface roughness of the new machined workpieces was evaluated
using a surface roughness tester. Results reveal that higher cutting speeds lead to faster flank wear,
reducing tool life. While all cutting speeds resulted in average surface roughness values exceeding 1.6
um, the lower feed rate exhibited a better surface finish compared to the higher one. The cutting speed
of 131.19 m/min (870 rpm) and a feed rate of 0.23 mm/rev demonstrated the most moderate wear and
machining time, making it a potential candidate for optimized turning operations in this setting.

PROPOSING EVIDENCE-BASED RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ENHANCING MALAYSIA'S UAS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

2024-11-12T08:35:00+00:00

ABSTRACT - The expansion of the Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) industry, along with the growth of
commercial unmanned aircraft, urban air mobility vehicles, inspection and hobby drones, calls for a
comprehensive regulatory approach. Although the Civil Aviation Authority of Malaysia (CAAM) has
made progress in developing regulations for UAS operations, the current rules are inadequate to
address the challenges posed by emerging UAS technologies and their unique operational concepts.
This study aims to develop a new regulatory framework that employs a risk-based approach to
categorize UAS operations in Malaysia. To achieve these objectives, a multifaceted research
methodology was used, including an in-depth analysis of international regulatory frameworks and a
comprehensive survey to gather necessary data and insights. The proposed framework seeks to
address the issues in UAS operation such as safety and security, growth and international alignment;
thus, offering a holistic, adaptable, and future-oriented strategy for UAS governance. In summary, the
proposed strategy aims to significantly enhance the safety, efficiency, and regulatory compliance of
UAS operations while fostering the growth of this emerging air transport sector. The results of this study
provide valuable insights for policymakers, regulators, and UAS operators in Malaysia and other
countries facing similar regulatory challenges.

HEAT TRANSFER CHARACTERISTIC OF VERTICAL COOLING USING SYNTHETIC JET

2024-11-12T08:30:18+00:00

ABSTRACT - Advancements in technology have resulted in a rise in heat flow within electrical devices.
Electronic devices that overheat can break down and experience thermal failure. One cooling method
that may be able to prevent electronic overheating is a synthetic jet. This study examined the cooling
efficiency and optimal performance characteristics of a synthetic jet cooling device using a vertical
cooling approach. The experiment utilized a synthetic jet with varying nozzle sizes (diameters of 2 mm,
4mm, 6 mm, 8 mm, and 10 mm), volume cavities (depths of 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, and 5 mm),
and distances between the heater and synthetic jet (distances of 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, 40 mm, 50
mm, 60 mm, and 70 mm). The synthetic jet was held at a consistent frequency of 500 Hz, while the
heater, which acted as the processor for the electrical device, was set to a constant temperature of 70 °
C. The experimental results indicate that a nozzle diameter of 2 mm yields the best cooling effects
compared to other nozzle diameters tested. The optimum distance found from the experiment is 30 mm.
The lowest average surface temperature is 40.53°C with a heat transfer coefficient 98.99W/m2.°K with a
Nusselt number of 7.56.

NUMERICAL STUDY OF MICRO-MILLING PROCESS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

2024-11-12T07:57:02+00:00

ABSTRACT - The micro-milling process is a critical technique in manufacturing small-scale
components with high precision and accuracy. Studies have been extensively conducted to investigate
the effects of various process parameters on the performance of micro-milling process. Furthermore,
simulation studies have been widely carried out to predict cutting forces, tool wear and tool deflection
while at the same time reducing the cost of manufacturing. In this study, the effect of cutting parameters
and the capabilities of the finite element method (FEM) to analyse the cutting force and tool wear during
the micro-milling process is discussed using Abaqus software. The methodology of this study was
justified. A three-dimensional model of micro-milling process was developed and two different cutting
parameters were analysed using Abaqus software. The cutting parameters tested during the
micro-milling process were between Vc= 100 m/min, f=4 µm, d=75 µm as the lowest and Vc= 100
m/min, f=4 µm, d=75 µm as the highest, which were analysed on the 20 mm material workpiece length
of tool travel. Results demonstrated that as the cutting progressed, all cutting force components
increased significantly due to the tool wear. This simulation study will provide insights into the
optimisation of process parameters for improved productivity and part quality.

ENHANCING LEARNING FOR SLOW LEARNERS THROUGH TECHNOLOGY

2024-11-12T07:53:09+00:00

ABSTRACT -Education plays a vital role in the advancement of a country, and instiling a sense of enthusiastic pursuit of
information in children is a fundamental goal for parents and educators. Conventional teaching methods frequently do not
engage students successfully, leading to decreased motivation and subpar educational achievements. This study examines
the preparedness of instructors and students to utilise technology in the context of education. The study includes 28
respondents, inducing teachers and primary students with sluggish learning skills. These individuals require customised
teaching methods because of their unique cognitive abilities. The respondents had experience with the LINUS and Recovery
programs, offering valuable insights into teachers’ and delayed learners’ attitudes and preparedness when it comes to utilizing
technology. The findings indicate that providing technological education opportunities can significantly improve the learning
experiences and outcomes of individuals with slower learning abilities. The outcomes of the survey to understand the needs of
technology users before developing a plan to improve slow learners’ learning and the readiness of the students using the
technology in their learning are discussed in this article.

CLASSIFICATION OF NOISE INDUCED HEARING LOSS USING BAYESIAN OPTIMIZATION SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE

2024-11-12T07:16:13+00:00

ABSTRACT - Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) is an occupational disease is becoming leading
cause of Occupational Noise Related Hearing Disorder (ONRHD) among Malaysian workers. To lower
the number of reported NIHL cases, it is important to detect NIHL at an early stage. The primary goal of
this study is to identify the key factors contributing to diagnosis of NIHL while developing an enhanced
Support Vector Machine (SVM) prediction model using Bayesian Optimization to produce high precision
classification results. The study examined 355 secondary datasets consisting of 24 variables divided
into four segments which are 100, 200, 300 and 355.This data were analyzed to determine the best
percentage of the sample size to be classified. Using the MATLAB application, the Support Vector
Machine was used to classify the data based on the five prediction outputs based on the severity level
of the NIHL. Using the Bayesian Optimization SVM using linear kernel the training accuracy exceeded
85.00%. This improved prediction model using kernel gaussian was recorded outperformed and
achieved 100% prediction accuracy during testing. Because this improved prediction model produced
high accuracy prediction results, it has the potential to reduce misinterpretations in ingratiating cases,
thereby lowering the number of unconfirmed NIHL cases reported.

ANALYSIS STUDY ON INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY DURING INCUBATION OF CHICKEN EGGS VIA ALTAIR HYPERSTUDY

2024-11-12T04:51:38+00:00

ABSTRACT - Temperature and humidity levels during incubation are crucial determinants of the
duration of incubation. Inadequate monitoring during the incubation process extends the incubation
period and hinders the embryonic development of the chicks. This study examines the incubation period
and optimises the temperature and humidity parameters during incubation. The chicken eggs were
placed into an automatic incubator at temperatures of 36.5°C, 37.5°C, and 38.5°C. The relative humidity
was monitored at 50%, 55%, and 60%. The turning frequency was set at every three hours, and the
eggs were automatically turned for a duration of six seconds. Finally, the incubation period was
analysed using Altair HyperStudy software in order to obtain the ideal period for incubating a chicken
egg. The exhibition demonstrated that the development of chicken embryos reached a sufficient level of
maturity. The results showed that the optimum 38.5°C temperature was accomplished, as well as a 60%
relative humidity (RH) was retained during the analysis. This resulted in an incubation period of 18 days
for the chicken eggs. The analysis through ANOVA and RSM shown that the incubation temperature
and humidity are inversely proportional to incubation period.

INFLUENCE OF DRILLING PARAMETERS TO THE CHIP FORMATION OF MACHINING ALUMINUM 6061 USING HSS TWIST DRILL

2024-11-12T08:55:11+00:00

ABSTRACT - The influence of drilling parameters on chip formation during the machining of aluminium
workpieces using High-Speed Steel (HSS) tools plays a critical role in optimizing the process for
enhanced efficiency, surface quality, and sustainability. Drilling parameters like cutting speed, feed rate
and drill bit point angle can significantly influence the machining performance. This research
investigates the relationship between key drilling parameters such as spindle speed, feed rate, and drill
bit point angle to the chip formation and hole surface roughness. Design of experiment (DoE) using
Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the experimental work. The
machining operation employed a CNC machine to drill a hole on aluminum 6061 using 10mm HSS twist
drill. The input parameters studied are spindle speed, feed rate and tool drill point angle while the chip
formation and surface roughness are considered as an output parameter. The result reveals that
Continuous, segmental and discontinuous chip are produced at drill bit angle of 90°, 118° and 135°
respectively. In addition, the ANOVA analysis identifies that the point angle is the most significant factor
contributes to surface roughness of drilled hole of p-value of 0.0001 which then followed by spindle
speed of p-value of 0.0103. Both spindle speed and point angle critically determine surface roughness,
with lower spindle speeds and larger point angles resulting in rougher surfaces due to discontinuous
chip formation. These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing drilling parameters to achieve
desired machining outcomes, thereby supporting the development of more efficient and sustainable
manufacturing processes.

REVIEW ON DATA INTEGRITY IN REMAINING USEFUL LIFE PREDICTION

2024-11-12T07:42:08+00:00

ABSTRACT - Maintenance has always been an important function in any manufacturing operation.
The main role of maintenance is to ensure that the manufacturing activities run at optimum condition
without any interruption. Several maintenance strategies have been introduced such as breakdown
maintenance, preventive maintenance, and condition-based maintenance. Condition-based
maintenance (CBM) has become one of the popular maintenance strategies in manufacturing
industries. CBM is a maintenance program that is triggered by the machine deterioration condition.
CBM serves two distinct purposes: diagnostic and prediction. The predictive segment largely focuses on
forecasting the remaining useful life (RUL) of components. Presently, the focus of study is primarily on
the prediction of Remaining Useful Life (RUL). A point often overlooked, the effectiveness of this
maintenance strategy depends on the quality and integrity of observation data. There have been a few
review papers on the broad scope of RUL prediction particularly in diagnostic techniques, but they lack
focus on the quality and integrity of the maintenance data. This paper provides a review on the
significance of data integrity in RUL. This review covers publications from 2005 to 2024. It offers a
categorisation of research fields or topics concerning data integrity and methods for data processing.
Deep learning neural network models especially LSTM and CNN have been used extensively to treat
data integrity issues, particularly in have also gained popularity, especially in newer publications. This
review provides evidence on the importance of data integrity in RUL prediction, and it can be useful for
new researchers in the area.

A STUDY OF 3D PRINTING FOR COSMETIC PACKAGING ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WATER ABSORPTION_ TAGUCHI APPROACH

2024-11-12T03:41:36+00:00

ABSTRACT - Cosmetics possessed the potential to develop novel packaging through the utilization of
3D printing, an additive manufacturing (AM) technique that offered advantages over traditional
manufacturing methods. This study aimed to optimize the 3D printing process parameters for cosmetic
packaging using the Taguchi approach. A cosmetic packaging bottle using polylactic acid (PLA) filament
was chosen for 3D printing prototype. The research employed an L9 orthogonal array to investigate the
effects of infill density (3%, 5% and 10%), infill pattern (cross, triangle and tri-hexagon) and printing
speed (30 mm/s, 50 mm/s and 100 mm/s) on surface roughness and water absorption. The optimal
parameters for surface roughness were infill density of 5%, a tri-hexagon infill pattern and a printing
speed of 50 mm/s. Printing speed displayed the greatest influence on reducing water absorption in the
30 printed parts. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of the Taguchi approach in optimizing 3D
printing parameters for cosmetic packaging, ensuring a desirable surface finish, reduced porosity and
longevity.

AWARENESS AND ATTITUDES OF LECTURERS TOWARDS PHANTOM LOAD MANAGEMENT: A SURVEY AT THE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, POLITEKNIK SEBERANG PERAI

2024-11-12T02:55:15+00:00

This study investigates the awareness and attitudes of lecturers towards phantom load management at the Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Seberang Perai. Phantom load, also known as standby power, contributes significantly to unnecessary energy consumption and increased utility costs. The research employed a quantitative approach, utilizing a survey methodology with 49 respondents across three programs. Findings reveal a high level of awareness among lecturers regarding phantom load, with an overall mean score of 4.27. Similarly, attitudes towards energy management related to phantom load were found to be positive, with an overall mean score of 4.23. The study highlights a strong understanding of phantom load concepts and its implications, but also identifies a gap between awareness and consistent implementation of energy-saving practices. These results underscore the importance of continued education and training programs to bridge this gap and promote more efficient energy management practices within educational institutions. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on energy conservation and sustainability in academic settings, offering insights that can inform policy and practice in reducing unnecessary energy consumption and associated carbon footprints.

ASSESSING THE ALIGNMENT OF DIPLOMA IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY) - DDT PROGRAMME WITH INDUSTRY NEEDS IN MALAYSIA

2024-11-12T02:59:17+00:00

This research study how well the Diploma in Information Technology (Digital Technology) Programme corresponds with the needs of industries from students’ standpoint. To achieve this, a survey involving 250 respondents was carried out taking into consideration several aspects of the program including practical training and its relevance to various careers as well as employee preparedness. Results indicated a considerable general satisfaction (mean 3.98/5) on just how much in-line the program is with industry. Its strengths included hands-on training while areas needing improvement entailed industry tailored projects and assists for entrepreneurs. There were differences in levels of satisfaction among different tracks as well as by types of jobs held. The findings strengthen the idea that although such a program satisfactorily addresses industry demands it can still be directed towards more specific improvements for better student outcome through better clarity on its objectives.

THE IMPACT OF ONLINE GAMING ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

2024-09-25T01:46:33+00:00

This study explores the impact of online gaming on the academic performance of students at Politeknik Ungku Omar. With the increasing prevalence of online gaming among students, understanding its effects on academic outcomes is crucial. A survey was conducted among 250 students to gather data on their gaming habits, perceived effects of gaming, and academic performance, measured by CGPA. The analysis revealed weak to moderate negative correlations between gaming effects and CGPA, particularly in areas related to academic participation and focus. The most significant gaming effects were associated with social isolation, lack of focus, and decreased class participation, which were perceived as having a higher impact on academic performance. Gender differences were also observed, with female students generally achieving slightly higher CGPAs than male students. These findings suggest that while online gaming is a popular activity, it can negatively affect academic performance if not managed properly. The study highlights the need for educational institutions to implement awareness programs and support services to help students balance gaming with academic responsibilities. Further research is recommended to explore causal relationships and develop targeted interventions to mitigate the negative effects of online gaming on academic performance.

INVENTSIMQD: GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI) BASED TEACHING APPLICATION FOR QUANTITY DISCOUNTS INVENTORY MODELS

2024-11-12T23:19:19+00:00

ABSTRACT - The rapid growth of computer software applications proves highly beneficial as a
teaching tool for course delivery, particularly in its interactive nature compared to traditional lecture
notes. This paper introduces InventSimQD, a graphical user interface (GUI) application developed for
simulating and analyzing the quantity discount model. InventSimQD allows users to visualize the impact
of key variables in the quantity discount model and facilitates simultaneous comparison of various
discount offers, thereby enhancing students’ grasp of fundamental concepts. The development of this
simulator began with a detailed analysis of user requirements. By generating total cost curves across
different discount values, the application provides clear insights into optimal offer selection based on
volume requirements. MATLAB serves as the primary platform for compiling both the algorithm and the
user interface. One significant advantage of InventSimQD is its compatibility with any personal
computer through MATLAB Runtime, allowing installation without an official license. The accuracy of the
application's outputs has been validated through theoretical calculations and supports multiple
concurrent sessions for real-time comparison of quantity discount scenarios. Consequently,
InventSimQD empowers students to gain a comprehensive understanding of the quantity discount
model and equips them with the insights needed to effectively choose discount offers that minimize total
costs.

A REVIEW ON THE MECHANICAL TYPES OF COMBINE BRAKE SYSTEMS IN MOTORBIKE

2024-11-12T02:30:40+00:00

ABSTRACT - The operational mechanism of the Combined Brake Systems (CBS) is designed to
instantaneously engage the functions of front brake together with rear brake through a unified control
input facilitated by a CBS mechanism. The CBS mechanisms employed in high capacity scooters,
touring bikes in medium-sized, together with cruisers differ significantly from those used in light
motorbikes, which typically utilize a mechanical system. Thus, the primary goal for the recent work is to
conduct a comprehensive review of the existing literature on the mechanical types of Combined Brake
Systems (mCBS) used in light motorbikes. It was observed that there are five distinct types of layout
design for mCBS. This layout is essential for integration with various brake systems and brake
actuation controls. This is crucial to obtain the optimum performance of braking and motorbike stability.
The mCBS mechanisms, especially those achieving nonlinear force distribution, exhibit promising
capabilities for optimizing braking efficiency. Legislative mandates in regions such as the EU, India,
Taiwan, and Japan underscore the growing importance and adoption of these systems, emphasizing
the need for continued innovation. Future research should focus on developing sophisticated models for
nonlinear brake force distribution. Additionally, exploring new technologies to enhance the effectiveness
and affordability of these braking systems is essential.

DIGITAL DA’WAH: LEVERAGING SOCIAL MEDIA TO SHARE ISLAMIC KNOWLEDGE

2024-08-20T03:44:35+00:00

This study investigates the effectiveness of social media as a medium for spreading Islamic da’wah. It examines whether social media can deliver true and sincere Islamic messages and identifies the positive and negative factors associated with using social media for da’wah. The study employs quantitative methods, including distributing a Google Form survey to gather data from respondents. Secondary data from existing research papers, journals, and articles are also analyzed to support the findings. The study finds that social media is a crucial platform for spreading Islamic knowledge due to its wide reach and accessibility. Applications such as Instagram, TikTok, YouTube, and WhatsApp are popular among users for both entertainment and educational purposes. However, the study also highlights potential issues such as the dissemination of incorrect information by unqualified individuals and the spread of fabricated hadiths. The results underscore the importance of verifying the authenticity of da’wah content before sharing it.

DESIGN IMPROVEMENT OF HEAVY VEHICLE JACK FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES (SME’S)

2024-10-16T06:01:18+00:00

ABSTRACT – This research is an invention to help employee works on the tractor gearbox repair. Currently, the tractor gearbox repairing and assembling are a very difficult and complicated task. From the research, it carried out design a tool of tractor gearbox stand that can be used by mechanics in separation work and the inclusion of tractor gearbox. This stand is to facilitate workers to separating and re-assembling the gearbox on the tractor. This work is very difficult to implement as there is no special tool used in doing the works. Mechanics that do this work will use a lot of equipment like floor jack in performing this task. With the use of these tools, the risk of accidents is high. Safety issues during tractor gear separation proses are also noted. The risk of accidents while performing these works using the current way are high. This is because the separate tractors will be stored on the jack and the risk of falling during work is high. Tractor gearbox stand is a stand that can be adjusted forward and backward on the rolling base. It is to facilitate the separation process and the inclusion of tractor gearbox. It will be adjustable and run on the site provided. Works like power take off (PTO) maintenance, clutch conversion and so on can be done when the tractor has been raised on this tractor gearbox. Tractor gearbox stand is used exclusively for heavy machinery i.e. tractors. This project will implement a tool to facilitate the separation and re-assembly of tractor gear boxes, clutch conversion and power take off (PTO) maintenance. The project will also ease and simplify gearbox separation work. Lastly, this tool will minimize the use of workers to do work

ANALYSIS OF FINAL EXAMINATION PAPER OF CHEMISTRY 1 COURSE FOR POLYTECHNIC TVET FOUNDATION PROGRAM USING RASCH MEASUREMENT MODEL

2024-08-20T03:47:38+00:00

This study aims to analyze the final examination paper of Chemistry 1 Course using Rasch Measurement Model. This course is a mandatory component for all students enrolled in the TVET Foundation program at the Polytechnic. For the purposes of this study, two polytechnics were randomly selected, resulting in a sample size of 175 students. The examination paper comprises five structured questions amounting to a total of 22 items. The study employed the Rasch model through Winsteps software to conduct a descriptive analysis, assessing the reliability of item constructs. This included calculating the reliability index to ensure measurement consistency, the separation index, item polarity, unidimensionality, item fit, and item difficulty level. The results indicated that the reliability index was 0.97, signifying a high level of reliability and consistency in the developed items. However, some items were identified as needing refinement, particularly those classified as moderate and difficult, which posed challenges for students' performance. The final analysis found out that the set of questions presented adhered the psychometric standards established by the Rasch model.